爵士吉他入門簡介
事實上，很少人初學者會先接觸爵士樂。爵士樂樂手多數擁有很高的技術水平，同樣欣賞者也需要有一定音樂基礎。不過音樂全視乎個人喜好，只要喜歡聽，是不明白當中的樂理也不成問題，當然如果你不喜歡爵士樂，也不表示你很弱。
爵士樂喜歡複雜化簡單的東西，用上很多不常見又複雜的和弦及音階，所以含有七度音、九度音以及延伸音的和弦是很常見的。
爵士樂另一特色是有很多即興演奏，主奏者自行隨著當時的感覺演奏而不是跟著樂譜。
這篇文章，會先看看幾個七和弦，然後介紹數個常見的爵士樂和弦進程，再為大家提供一些爵士樂吉他licks
爵士和弦
爵士和弦在其結構中至少有 4 個音。 這些和弦包括第 7、第 9、第 11 和/或第 13 和弦
C Am Dm G是最常見的和弦，而它們的七和弦是CMaj7 Am7 Dm7 G7。
因為在爵士樂彈奏和弦中，需要經常移動把位以及控制音的長短輕重，所以比較少使用常見的開放和弦及有重複音的和弦。
以下爵士樂吉他中的CMaj7 Am7 Dm7 G7
根音(Root) 在第六弦的七和弦
根音(Root) 在第五弦的七和弦
爵士樂和弦進程(Chord Progression)
其實爵士樂是建基於傳統樂理上，爵士樂的和弦進程都參考了五度圈循環。
巴洛克時代的音樂，五度圈循環 (I–IV–vii∘–iii–vi–ii–V–I) 是常用的和弦進程。 巴赫、亨德爾和維瓦爾第的音樂中找到很多這種進展的進程，尤其是小調。
以下是四爵士樂的和弦進程:
1. 大調 ii-V-I
大調 ii-V-I 爵士樂中最重要的和弦進程，這種和弦進程在其他風格的音樂中也很常見，所以你可以集中花時間在 ii-V-I 上練習。
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
2. 小調ii-V-i
這個和弦進行與之前的大調 ii-V-I 具有相同的功能，但當然是小調。
在許多爵士標準中，您會在歌曲形式中找到大調和小調 ii-V-I。
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
3. 大調 I-vi-ii-V
這個和弦進行你一直看到。 您可以在任何節奏變化曲調中最自然地找到它
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
4. 小調 i-vi-ii-V
現在讓我們把這個進行到小調。
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
Licks
Lick 其實是指“樂句”，就是一段小旋律，要是長一點可能就叫“phase”（樂段）。
學習 licks 是構建爵士樂的重要一步，學習licks 可以快速輕鬆地將一些好聽 短樂句添加到您的武器庫中，並在即興彈奏時使用。
以下的licks 都建基於C Major ii-V-I 的進程上:
Lick 1
(Source: https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/ii-v-i-jazz-guitar-licks/)
Lick 2
(Source: https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/ii-v-i-jazz-guitar-licks/)
Lick 3
(Source: https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/ii-v-i-jazz-guitar-licks/)
這些licks，都有常見概念，你可以拿出並在練習室進一步探索：
• 第一個是將一個音符移低半步並再次移回，就如Lick 1 第一小節第一拍(D-C#-D-E)，這是延長單個音符長度的常用方法。
• 第二個是便用半音階(Chromatic Scale) 過度，就如Lick 3第一至二小節(G-G#-A)與(C-C#-D) 。
學習更多Licks
以下一段Youtube講述更多Jazz 初學者應要了解的知識
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Introduction to Jazz Guitar
In fact, very few beginners will be exposed to jazz first. Most jazz musicians have a very high technical level, and the same audience also needs to have a certain musical foundation. But music depends on personal preference. As long as you like to listen, it’s not a problem to not understand the music theory. Of course, if you don’t like jazz, it doesn’t mean you are weak.
Jazz likes to complexify simple things, using many uncommon and complicated chords and scales, so chords containing sevenths, ninths, and extensions are very common.
Another feature of jazz is that there are a lot of improvisations, and the lead player plays according to the feeling of the time instead of following the score.
In this article, we will first look at a few seventh chords, then introduce a few common jazz chord progressions, and then provide you with some jazz guitar licks
Jazz chords
Jazz chords have at least 4 notes in their structure. These chords include the 7th, 9th, 11th and/or 13th chord
C Am Dm G is the most common chord, and their seventh chord is CMaj7 Am7 Dm7 G7.
Because in jazz playing chords, it is necessary to frequently move the position, meanwhile need to control the tone and varying the length, weight of the notes, so the common open chords and chords with repetitive notes are rarely used.
CMaj7 Am7 Dm7 G7 in the following jazz guitars
Seventh chord with Root on the sixth string
Seventh chord with Root on the fifth string
Chord Progression
In fact, jazz is based on traditional music theory, and the chord progression of jazz refers to the cycle of the fifth circle.
In the music of the Baroque era, the fifth-degree loop (I–IV–vii∘–iii–vi–ii–V–I) is a common chord progression. Much of this progression is found in the music of Bach, Handel, and Vivaldi, especially in minor tunes.
The following is the chord progression of the four jazz:
1. Major ii-V-I
Major ii-V-I The most important chord progression in jazz. This chord progression is also common in other styles of music, so you can concentrate on practicing on ii-V-I.
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
2. Minor ii-V-i
This chord progression has the same function as the previous major ii-V-I, but of course is in a minor key.
In many jazz standards, you will find major and minor ii-V-I’s in the song form.
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
3. Major I-vi-ii-V
You see this chord progression all the time. You can find it naturally in any rhythm change tune
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
4. Minor i-vi-ii-V
Now let’s bring this progression into the minor.
(Source: https://www.learnjazzstandards.com/blog/learning-jazz/jazz-theory/3-important-jazz-chord-progressions-need-master/)
Licks
Lick actually means "phrase", which is a small melody. If it is longer, it may be called "phase".
Learning licks is an important step in building jazz. Learning licks can quickly and easily add some nice short phrases to your arsenal and use them when improvising.
The following licks are all based on the C Major ii-V-I process:
Lick 1
(Source: https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/ii-v-i-jazz-guitar-licks/)
Lick 2
(Source: https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/ii-v-i-jazz-guitar-licks/)
Lick 3
(Source: https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/ii-v-i-jazz-guitar-licks/)
These licks have common concepts, You can explore further as you practice:
• The first is to move a note down half a step and move it back again, just like the first beat of the first bar of Lick 1 (D-C#-D-E). This is a common way to extend the length of a single note.
• The second is to use the Chromatic Scale to overstep, just like the first to second bars of Lick 3 (G-G#-A) and (C-C#-D).
Learn More Licks
The following Youtube tells more about what Jazz beginners should know
